Volume 1,Issue 9
非洲主要农产品标准比对分析及对区域一体化的启示
非洲大陆自由贸易区（AfCFTA）的建成为区域农业价值链整合带来了历史性机遇，然而各成员国间异质性的农产品标准体系构成了实质性的技术性贸易壁垒。本文创新性地将研究视角从单一国家或产品提升至大陆层面与区域经济共同体（RECs）层面的标准体系互动，系统比对了东非共同体（EAC）、南部非洲发展共同体（SADC）和西非国家经济共同体（ECOWAS）在咖啡、可可、园艺产品及谷物等关键农产品上的标准异同。研究发现，非洲农产品标准存在显著的“碎片化”特征，具体表现为区域协调机制“软约束”、国家层面执行能力“空心化”以及与国际标准接轨“不同步”。本文提出，应超越传统的“逐项统一”思路，构建 “AfCFTA 顶层设计-RECs 枢纽协调- 国家能力支撑”的三位一体治理新框架，并通过优先领域试点、合格评定结果互认（MRA）及中非标准化合作等路径，将标准从“贸易壁垒”转化为“一体化工具”，为释放AfCFTA 潜在贸易红利提供学理依据与政策镜鉴。
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